Michael Rushdie---------

Bakhtin's concept of dialogism states that language and every idea Incorporated within language is in relation to past constructions of shared definitions and understandings of existence.meaning that everything anybody ever says always exists in response to things that have been said before and in anticipation of things that will be said in response. everything plays off each other, keeping mind all aspect of conciousness past present and future.  In relation to hegemony, the accepted terms and definitons in language and communication must then be placed by the higher classes or dominant classes, Dominic Strinati (1995): Dominant groups in society, including fundamentally but not exclusively the ruling class, maintain their dominance by securing the 'spontaneous consent' of subordinate groups, including the working class, through the negotiated construction of a political and ideological consensus which incorporates both dominant and dominated groups.
 InRushidie writing i see an attempt to break away from the imposed truisms by invoking a voice of hindsight. Rather than accepting the past as it played out Rushide creates a character assuming the highest of classes through narration, thus being given the oppurtunity to create language all together. The carnaveleque is an attempt to break away from set ideologies by pursuing fantasy and the ridiculous in the same way saleem alters the details of his life through his free wheeling narration. saleems truth is seen through his perspective consisting of every truth to be believed in his past.